Introduction
Parkinson’s disease, a chronic and progressive movement disorder, affects millions worldwide. First described by James Parkinson in 1817, its pathology involves changes in melanin-containing nerve cells in the brainstem. While there is no cure, medications play a crucial role in managing symptoms and improving patients’ quality of life.
Understanding Parkinson’s Medications
Several drug classes are used to rebalance dopamine levels and alleviate symptoms:
Levodopa (Carbidopa/Levodopa):
- Converts to dopamine in the brain, enhancing neurotransmission.
- Also, Commonly prescribed to manage motor symptoms like tremors and stiffness.
Dopamine Agonists (Ropinirole, Pramipexole):
- Activates dopamine receptors, aiding symptom control.
- So, it is useful as monotherapy or in combination with levodopa.
MAO-B Inhibitors (Rasagiline, Selegiline):
- Boost dopamine levels by inhibiting enzyme breakdown.
- Therefore, slows disease progression and enhances motor function.
COMT Inhibitors (Entacapone, Tolcapone):
- Prolong levodopa’s effects by blocking dopamine degradation.
- So, used alongside levodopa.
Amantadine:
- Provides relief from dyskinesias and motor fluctuations.
- Mechanism not fully understood but effective
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