What is Amoxicillin?

Amoxicillin is a penicillin antibiotic that is used to treat a wide variety of bacterial infections. It works by stopping the growth of bacteria. This antibiotic treats only bacterial infections and will not work for viral infections (such as common cold, flu).

Chemical Structure and Formula of Amoxicillin

The chemical formula of it is C₁₆H₁₉N₃O₅S. It has a molecular weight of 365.4 g/mol. The structure of amoxicillin includes a beta-lactam ring fused with a thiazolidine ring, which is a characteristic feature of penicillin antibiotics.

Uses and Indications of Amoxicillin

It is commonly used to treat infections such as:

• Ear infections
• Throat infections (e.g., tonsillitis, pharyngitis)
• Sinusitis
• Bronchitis
• Pneumonia
• Urinary tract infections
• Skin infections

Mechanism of Action

It works by inhibiting the synthesis of bacterial cell walls. It binds to specific penicillin-binding proteins (PBPs) inside the bacterial cell wall and inhibits the final transpeptidation step of peptidoglycan synthesis, which is an essential component of the bacterial cell wall. This results in cell lysis and death of the bacteria.

Side Effects

Common side effects include:

• Nausea
• Vomiting
• Diarrhea
• Rash
• Allergic reactions (in rare cases)

If any severe side effects occur, such as persistent nausea/vomiting, severe abdominal pain, or signs of kidney problems (such as change in the amount of urine), immediate medical attention should be sought.

Learn More

For more detailed information, you can visit the following links:

• Drugs.com -
• WebMD -
• Wikipedia -

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